CHAPTER 1201—AUTHORIZED STRENGTHS AND DISTRIBUTION IN GRADE
12001.
Authorized strengths: reserve components.
12002.
Authorized strengths: Army and Air Force reserve components, exclusive of members on active duty.
12003.
Authorized strengths: commissioned officers in an active status.
12004.
Strength in grade: reserve general and flag officers in an active status.
12005.
Strength in grade: commissioned officers in grades below brigadier general or rear admiral (lower half) in an active status.
12006.
Strength limitations: authority to waive in time of war or national emergency.
12007.
Reserve officers of the Army: distribution.
12008.
Army Reserve and Air Force Reserve: warrant officers.
12009.
Army and Air Force reserve components: temporary increases.
12010.
Computations for Navy Reserve and Marine Corps Reserve: rule when fraction occurs in final result.
12011.
Authorized strengths: reserve officers on active duty or on full-time National Guard duty for administration of the reserves or the National Guard.
12012.
Authorized strengths: senior enlisted members on active duty or on full-time National Guard duty for administration of the reserves or the National Guard.
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2006—Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title V, §515(b)(4)(H), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3235, substituted "Navy Reserve" for "Naval Reserve" in item 12010.
1999—Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title X, §1066(a)(31), Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 772, inserted "in an" after "officers" in item 12003.
§12001. Authorized strengths: reserve components
(a) Whenever the authorized strength of a reserve component (other than the Coast Guard Reserve) is not prescribed by law, it shall be prescribed by the President.
(b) Subject to the authorized strength of the reserve component concerned, the authorized strength of each reserve component (other than the Coast Guard Reserve) in members in each grade is that which the Secretary concerned determines to be necessary to provide for mobilization requirements. The Secretary shall review these determinations at least once each year and revise them if he considers it necessary. However, a member of the reserve component concerned may not, as a result of such a determination, be reduced in the member's reserve grade without the member's consent.
(Added Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, §1662(a)(1), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2983.)
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in sections 3221, 3224, 5413, 5456, 8221, and 8224 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–337, §1662(a)(3).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective Dec. 1, 1994, except as otherwise provided, see section 1691 of Pub. L. 103–337, set out as a note under section 10001 of this title.
Transfer of Functions
For transfer of authorities, functions, personnel, and assets of the Coast Guard, including the authorities and functions of the Secretary of Transportation relating thereto, to the Department of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 468(b), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.
End Strengths for Selected Reserve and for Reserves on Active Duty in Support of Reserves
Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title IV, §§411, 412, Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3220, 3221, which authorized end strengths for Selected Reserve personnel of the reserve components and for Reserves on active duty in support of the Reserves as of the last day of a fiscal year was from the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2006 and was repeated in provisions of subsequent authorization acts which are not set out in the Code. Similar provisions were contained in the following prior authorization acts:
Pub. L. 108–375, div. A, title IV, §§411, 412, Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 1864, 1865.
Pub. L. 108–136, div. A, title IV, §§411, 412, Nov. 24, 2003, 117 Stat. 1452, 1453.
Pub. L. 107–314, div. A, title IV, §§411, 412, Dec. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 2526, 2527.
Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title IV, §§411, 412, Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1069, 1070.
Pub. L. 106–398, §1 [[div. A], title IV, §§411, 412], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A-93.
Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title IV, §§411, 412, Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 585, 586.
Pub. L. 105–261, div. A, title IV, §§411, 412, Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 1997.
Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title IV, §§411, 412, Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1719, 1720.
Pub. L. 104–201, div. A, title IV, §§411, 412, Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2506, 2507.
Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title IV, §§411, 412, Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 287, 288.
Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title IV, §§411, 412, Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2746.
Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title IV, §§411, 412, Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1641, 1642.
Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title IV, §§411, 412, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2399.
Pub. L. 102–190, div. A, title IV, §§411, 412, Dec. 5, 1991, 105 Stat. 1351.
Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title IV, §§411(a)–(c), 412, Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1546, 1547; Pub. L. 102–25, title II, §§201(a), 202, 205(a), Apr. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 79, 80; Pub. L. 102–190, div. A, title IV, §414(e), Dec. 5, 1991, 105 Stat. 1353; Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title V, §513, Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1649.
Pub. L. 101–189, div. A, title IV, §§411, 412, Nov. 29, 1989, 103 Stat. 1432, as amended by Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title IV, §411(d), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1547.
Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title IV, §§411(a), 412, Sept. 29, 1988, 102 Stat. 1964.
Pub. L. 100–180, div. A, title IV, §§411, 412, Dec. 4, 1987, 101 Stat. 1082, 1083, as amended by Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title IV, §411(b), Sept. 29, 1988, 102 Stat. 1964.
Pub. L. 99–661, div. A, title IV, §§411(a)–(c), 412(a), Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3860, 3861.
Pub. L. 99–145, title IV, §§411, 412, Nov. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 618, 619.
Pub. L. 98–525, title IV, §§411, 412, Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2516, 2517.
Pub. L. 98–94, title V, §§501, 502, Sept. 24, 1983, 97 Stat. 630, 631.
Pub. L. 97–252, title V, §§501, 502, Sept. 8, 1982, 96 Stat. 726, as amended by Pub. L. 98–94, title V, §504(a), Sept. 24, 1983, 97 Stat. 631.
Pub. L. 97–86, title V, §§501, 502, Dec. 1, 1981, 95 Stat. 1107.
Pub. L. 96–342, title IV, §401, Sept. 8, 1980, 94 Stat. 1084.
Pub. L. 96–107, title IV, §401, Nov. 9, 1979, 93 Stat. 807.
Pub. L. 95–485, title IV, §401, Oct. 20, 1978, 92 Stat. 1613.
Pub. L. 95–79, title IV, §401, July 30, 1977, 91 Stat. 327.
Pub. L. 94–361, title IV, §401, July 14, 1976, 90 Stat. 926.
Pub. L. 94–106, title IV, §401, Oct. 7, 1975, 89 Stat. 532.
Pub. L. 93–365, title IV, §§401, 402, Aug. 5, 1974, 88 Stat. 402, 403.
Pub. L. 93–155, title IV, §§401, 402, Nov. 16, 1973, 87 Stat. 608.
Pub. L. 92–436, title IV, §§401, 402, Sept. 26, 1972, 86 Stat. 736.
Pub. L. 92–156, title III, §§301, 302, Nov. 17, 1971, 85 Stat. 425.
Pub. L. 91–441, title III, §§301, 302, Oct. 7, 1970, 84 Stat. 908.
Pub. L. 91–121, title III, §§301, 302, Nov. 19, 1969, 83 Stat. 206.
Pub. L. 90–500, title III, §§301, 302, Sept. 20, 1968, 82 Stat. 850.
Reserve Component Force Structure
Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title IV, §413, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2400, provided that:
"(a) Requirement To Prescribe Reserve Component Force Structure.—The Secretary of each military department shall prescribe a force structure allowance for each reserve component under the jurisdiction of the Secretary. Each such force structure allowance for a reserve component—
"(1) shall be consistent with, but in no case include a number of personnel spaces that is less than, the authorized end strength for that component; and
"(2) shall be prescribed in accordance with historic service policies.
"(b) Definition.—For purposes of this section, the term 'force structure allowance' means the number and types of units and organizations, and the number of authorized personnel spaces allocated to those units and organizations, in a military force."
Limitation on Reduction in Number of Reserve Component Medical Personnel
Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title V, §518, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2407, as amended by Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title VII, §716, Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2803, prohibited Secretary of Defense from reducing number of medical personnel in any reserve component below number of such personnel in that component on Sept. 30, 1992, unless Secretary certified to Congress that number of such personnel to be reduced in particular military department was excess to current and projected needs for personnel in Selected Reserve of that department, and required that assessment of such needs be consistent with wartime requirements for Selected Reserve personnel identified in final report on comprehensive study of military medical care system prepared pursuant to section 733 of Pub. L. 102–190, formerly set out as a note under section 1071 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title V, §564(d)(3), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 327.
Program for Active Component Support of Reserves
Pub. L. 108–375, div. A, title V, §515(b)–(d), Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 1883, 1884, prohibited the Secretary of the Army from reducing the number of active component Reserve support personnel below the number of such personnel as of Oct. 28, 2004, until the Secretary of the Army submitted to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and House of Representatives, not later than Mar. 31, 2005, a report on the support by active components of the Army for training and readiness of the Army National Guard and Army Reserve.
Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title V, §517(b), Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1651, provided that:
"(1) The Secretary of the Army shall include in the annual report of the Secretary to Congress known as the Army Posture Statement a presentation relating to the implementation of the Pilot Program for Active Component Support of the Reserves under section 414 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Years 1992 and 1993 (Public Law 102–190; [former] 10 U.S.C. 261 note [now set out below]), as amended by subsection (a).
"(2) Each such presentation shall include, with respect to the period covered by the report, the following information:
"(A) The promotion rate for officers considered for promotion from within the promotion zone who are serving as active component advisers to units of the Selected Reserve of the Ready Reserve (in accordance with that program) compared with the promotion rate for other officers considered for promotion from within the promotion zone in the same pay grade and the same competitive category, shown for all officers of the Army.
"(B) The promotion rate for officers considered for promotion from below the promotion zone who are serving as active component advisers to units of the Selected Reserve of the Ready Reserve (in accordance with that program) compared in the same manner as specified in subparagraph (A)."
Pub. L. 102–190, div. A, title IV, §414(a)–(d), Dec. 5, 1991, 105 Stat. 1352, 1353, as amended by Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title V, §511(b), title XI, §1132, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2405, 2541; Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title V, §517(a), Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1650; Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title IV, §413, Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2747; Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title IV, §413, Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 288; Pub. L. 104–201, div. A, title V, §545(b), Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2524; Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title X, §1066(d)(2), Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 773; Pub. L. 108–375, div. A, title V, §515(a), Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 1883, provided that:
"(a) Program Required.—The Secretary of the Army shall carry out a program to provide active component advisers to combat units, combat support units, and combat service support units in the Selected Reserve of the Ready Reserve that have a high priority for deployment on a time-phased troop deployment list or have another contingent high priority for deployment. The advisers shall be assigned to full-time duty in connection with organizing, administering, recruiting, instructing, or training such units.
"(b) Objectives of Program.—The objectives of the program are as follows:
"(1) To improve the readiness of units in the reserve components of the Army.
"(2) To increase substantially the number of active component personnel directly advising reserve component unit personnel.
"(3) To provide a basis for determining the most effective mix of reserve component personnel and active component personnel in organizing, administering, recruiting, instructing, or training reserve component units.
"(4) To provide a basis for determining the most effective mix of active component officer and enlisted personnel in advising reserve component units regarding organizing, administering, recruiting, instructing, or training reserve component units.
"(c) Personnel To Be Assigned.—(1) The Secretary shall assign not less than 3,500 active component personnel to serve as advisers under the program.
"(2) The Secretary of Defense may count toward the number of active component personnel required under paragraph (1) to be assigned to serve as advisers under the program under this section any active component personnel who are assigned to an active component unit (A) that was established principally for the purpose of providing dedicated training support to reserve component units, and (B) the primary mission of which is to provide such dedicated training support.
"(d) Action on the Basis of Program Results.—Based on the experience under the pilot program, the Secretary of the Army shall by April 1, 1993, submit to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and House of Representatives a report containing the Secretary's evaluation of the program to that date. As part of the budget submission for fiscal year 1995, the Secretary shall submit any recommendations for expansion or modification of the program, together with a proposal for any statutory changes that the Secretary considers necessary to implement the program on a permanent basis. In no case may the number of active duty personnel assigned to the program decrease below the number specified for the pilot program."
Reserve Forces Readiness
Pub. L. 98–525, title V, §552(a)–(e), (g), Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2530, as amended by Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, §1661(a)(3)(B), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2980, provided that:
"(a)(1) The Secretary of Defense shall conduct a review of the various systems used to measure the readiness of reserve units of the Armed Forces and shall implement a measurement system for the active and reserve components of the Armed Forces to provide an objective and uniform evaluation of the readiness of all units of the Armed Forces. The measurement system should be designed to produce information adequate to provide comparisons concerning the readiness of all units. The system for evaluation of the readiness of a unit of an active component should incorporate the performance of any unit of a reserve component affiliated with the active component unit, including the effect of the reserve component unit on the mobilization capability of the active component unit.
"(2) Not later than March 31, 1985, the Secretary shall submit a report to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and House of Representatives describing the results of the review under paragraph (1) and the measurement system implemented in accordance with that paragraph.
"(b)(1) The Secretary of Defense, acting through the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Reserve Affairs [now Assistant Secretary of Defense for Manpower and Reserve Affairs], shall conduct a study to evaluate the feasibility of allocating equipment to units of reserve components based on a measure of effectiveness of such units. The study should consider the effects of allocating equipment by comparing units with similar deployment times and similar capabilities in terms of training and equipment rather than by comparing all reserve component units with each other. The study should be integrated with an evaluation of the system for measuring unit effectiveness to be implemented in accordance with subsection (a).
"(2) As part of the report under subsection (a)(2), the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and House of Representatives a report on the study carried out under paragraph (1).
"(c) It is the sense of Congress that the number of members of the Army Reserve and of the Army National Guard assigned to full-time manning duty should be increased to 14 percent of the total membership of the Army Reserve and of the Army National Guard, respectively, by fiscal year 1989.
"(d)(1)(A) The Secretary of Defense, acting through the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Reserve Affairs [now Assistant Secretary of Defense for Manpower and Reserve Affairs], shall conduct a study of the benefits of a longer training program for certain units of the reserve components and shall conduct a test of such a program. The test program should begin at the earliest realistic date.
"(B) In developing training programs for the reserve components, the Secretary shall give increased attention to innovative training technologies, techniques, and schedules that recognize the limitations on time and the geographic dispersion of the reserve components.
"(2) Not later than March 31, 1985, the Secretary shall submit a report to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and House of Representatives describing the study under paragraph (1).
"(e) [Repealed. Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, §1661(a)(3)(B), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2980.]
"(g) This section does not apply to the Coast Guard."
§12002. Authorized strengths: Army and Air Force reserve components, exclusive of members on active duty
(a) The authorized strengths of the National Guard and the reserve components of the Army and the Air Force, exclusive of members who are included in the strengths authorized for members of the Army and Air Force, respectively, on active duty, are as follows:
| | |
|---|
| Army National Guard and the Army National Guard of the United States |
600,000 |
| Army Reserve |
980,000 |
| Air National Guard and the Air National Guard of the United States |
150,000 |
| Air Force Reserve |
500,000. |
(b) The strength authorized by this section for the Army National Guard and the Army National Guard of the United States, and the strength authorized by this section for the Air National Guard and the Air National Guard of the United States, shall be allocated among the States.
(Added Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, §1662(a)(1), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2983.)
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in sections 3222, 3225, 8222, and 8225 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–337, §1662(a)(3).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective Dec. 1, 1994, except as otherwise provided, see section 1691 of Pub. L. 103–337, set out as a note under section 10001 of this title.
§12003. Authorized strengths: commissioned officers in an active status
(a) The authorized strengths of the Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps in reserve commissioned officers, other than commissioned warrant officers and officers on an active-duty list, in an active status are as follows:
| | |
|---|
| Army |
275,000 |
| Air Force |
200,000 |
| Navy |
150,000 |
| Marine Corps |
24,500. |
(b) The authorized strengths prescribed by subsection (a) may not be exceeded unless—
(1) the Secretary concerned determines that a greater number is necessary for planned mobilization requirements; or
(2) the excess results directly from the operation of a nondiscretionary provision of law.
(Added Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, §1662(a)(1), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2984.)
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in sections 3217, 5414, and 8217 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–337, §1662(a)(3).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective Dec. 1, 1994, except as otherwise provided, see section 1691 of Pub. L. 103–337, set out as a note under section 10001 of this title.
§12004. Strength in grade: reserve general and flag officers in an active status
(a) The authorized strengths of the Army, Air Force, and Marine Corps in reserve general officers in an active status, and the authorized strength of the Navy in reserve officers in the grades of rear admiral (lower half) and rear admiral in an active status, are as follows:
| | |
|---|
| Army |
207 |
| Air Force |
157 |
| Navy |
48 |
| Marine Corps |
10. |
(b) The following Army and Air Force reserve officers shall not be counted for purposes of this section:
(1) Those serving as adjutants general or assistant adjutants general of a State.
(2) Those serving in the National Guard Bureau.
(3) Those counted under section 526 of this title.
(4) Those serving in a joint duty assignment for purposes of chapter 38 of this title, except that the number of officers who may be excluded under this paragraph may not exceed the number equal to 20 percent of the number of officers authorized for the armed force concerned by subsection (a).
(c)(1) The following Navy reserve officers shall not be counted for purposes of this section:
(A) Those counted under section 526 of this title.
(B) Those serving in a joint duty assignment for purposes of chapter 38 of this title, except that the number of officers who may be excluded under this paragraph may not exceed the number equal to 20 percent of the number of officers authorized for the Navy in subsection (a).
(2) Not more than 50 percent of the officers in an active status authorized under this section for the Navy may serve in the grade of rear admiral.
(d) The following Marine Corps reserve officers shall not be counted for purposes of this section:
(1) Those counted under section 526 of this title.
(2) Those serving in a joint duty assignment for purposes of chapter 38 of this title, except that the number of officers who may be excluded under this paragraph may not exceed the number equal to 20 percent of the number of officers authorized for the Marine Corps in subsection (a).
(e)(1) A reserve general officer of the Army or Air Force may not be reduced in grade because of a reduction in the number of general officers authorized under subsection (a).
(2) An officer of the Navy Reserve or the Marine Corps Reserve may not be reduced in permanent grade because of a reduction in the number authorized by this section for his grade.
(f) The limitations in subsection (a) do not apply to an officer released from a joint duty assignment or other non-joint active duty assignment, but only during the 60-day period beginning on the date the officer departs the joint duty or other active duty assignment. The Secretary of Defense may authorize the Secretary of a military department to extend the 60-day period by an additional 120 days, except that not more than three officers in an active status from each reserve component may be covered by an extension under this sentence at the same time.
(Added Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, §1662(a)(1), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2984; amended Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title XV, §1501(b)(9), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 496; Pub. L. 105–261, div. A, title IV, §415, Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 1998; Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title V, §§512, 515(b)(1)(EE), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3232, 3233; Pub. L. 110–417, [div. A], title V, §526, Oct. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 4448; Pub. L. 111–84, div. A, title V, §502(h), Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2276; Pub. L. 111–383, div. A, title V, §511, Jan. 7, 2011, 124 Stat. 4210.)
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in sections 3218, 5457(a), 5458(a), and 8218 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–337, §1662(a)(3).
Amendments
2011—Subsec. (c)(2) to (5). Pub. L. 111–383 redesignated par. (4) as (2) and struck out former pars. (2), (3), and (5). Former pars. (2) and (3) specified the distribution of Navy reserve officers authorized by subsection (a), and former par. (5) specified the Medical Department staff corps for purposes of par. (1).
2009—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 111–84 added subsec. (f).
2008—Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 110–417, §526(a), added par. (4).
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 110–417, §526(b), added par. (1), redesignated former pars. (1) to (4) as (2) to (5), respectively, and in introductory provisions of par. (2) substituted "Of the number of Navy reserve officers authorized by subsection (a), 40 are distributed among the line and staff corps as follows:" for "The authorized strength of the Navy under subsection (a) is exclusive of officers counted under section 526 of this title. Of the number authorized under subsection (a), 40 are distributed among the line and the staff corps as follows:".
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 110–417, §526(c), amended subsec. (d) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (d) read as follows: "The authorized strength of the Marine Corps under subsection (a) is exclusive of those counted under section 526 of this title."
2006—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 109–163, §512(a), (b), (d), substituted "40" for "39" in introductory provisions and "33" for "28" and "5" for "9" in table.
Subsec. (c)(2)(A). Pub. L. 109–163, §512(c), substituted "six" for "seven".
Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 109–163, §515(b)(1)(EE), substituted "Navy Reserve" for "Naval Reserve".
1998—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 105–261, §415(1), in table, inserted item relating to Medical Department staff corps and struck out items relating to Medical Corps, Dental Corps, Nurse Corps, and Medical Service Corps.
Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 105–261, §415(2), added par. (4).
1996—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–106 substituted "active status, are" for "active-status, are".
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 1996 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 104–106 effective as if included in the Reserve Officer Personnel Management Act, title XVI of Pub. L. 103–337, as enacted on Oct. 5, 1994, see section 1501(f)(3) of Pub. L. 104–106, set out as a note under section 113 of this title.
Effective Date
Section effective Dec. 1, 1994, except as otherwise provided, see section 1691 of Pub. L. 103–337, set out as a note under section 10001 of this title.
§12005. Strength in grade: commissioned officers in grades below brigadier general or rear admiral (lower half) in an active status
(a)(1) Subject to paragraph (2), the authorized strength of the Army and the Air Force in reserve commissioned officers in an active status in each grade named in paragraph (2) is as prescribed by the Secretary of the Army or the Secretary of the Air Force, respectively. A vacancy in any grade may be filled by an authorized appointment in any lower grade.
(2) A strength prescribed by the Secretary concerned under paragraph (1) for a grade may not be higher than the percentage of the strength authorized for the Army or the Air Force, as the case may be, under section 12003 of this title that is specified for that grade as follows:
| Grade | Army percentage | Air Force percentage |
|---|
| Colonel |
2 |
1.8 |
| Lieutenant colonel |
6 |
4.6 |
| Major |
13 |
14.0 |
| Captain |
35 |
32.0 |
| First lieutenant and second lieutenant (when combined with the number authorized for general officer grades under section 12004 of this title) |
44 |
47.6 |
(3) Medical officers and dental officers shall not be counted for the purposes of this subsection.
(b)(1) The authorized strengths of the Navy Reserve in line officers in an active status in the grades of captain, commander, lieutenant commander, and lieutenant, and in the grades of lieutenant (junior grade) and ensign combined, are the following percentages of the total authorized number of those officers:
| | |
|---|
| Captain |
1.5 percent |
| Commander |
7 percent |
| Lieutenant commander |
22 percent |
| Lieutenant |
37 percent |
| Lieutenant (junior grade) and ensign (when combined with the number authorized for flag officer grades under section 12004 of this title) |
32.5 percent. |
(2) When the actual number of line officers in an active status in any grade is less than the number authorized by paragraph (1) for that grade, the difference may be applied to increase the number authorized by that paragraph for any lower grade or grades.
(c)(1) The authorized strengths of the Marine Corps Reserve in officers in an active status in the grades of colonel, lieutenant colonel, major, and captain, and in the grades of first lieutenant and second lieutenant combined, are the following percentages of the total authorized number of those officers:
| | |
|---|
| Colonel |
2 percent |
| Lieutenant colonel |
8 percent |
| Major |
16 percent |
| Captain |
39 percent |
| First lieutenant and second lieutenant (when combined with the number authorized for general officer grades under section 12004 of this title) |
35 percent. |
(2) When the actual number of officers in an active status in any grade is less than the number authorized by paragraph (1) for that grade, the difference may be applied to increase the number authorized by that paragraph for any lower grade or grades.
(d)(1) An officer of the Army or Air Force may not be reduced in grade because of a reduction in the number of commissioned officers authorized for the officer's grade under this section.
(2) An officer of the Navy Reserve or the Marine Corps Reserve may not be reduced in permanent grade because of a reduction in the number authorized by this section for his grade.
(Added Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, §1662(a)(1), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2985; amended Pub. L. 106–398, §1 [[div. A], title IV, §423], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A-96; Pub. L. 108–375, div. A, title V, §504, Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 1875; Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title V, §515(b)(1)(FF), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3233.)
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in sections 3219, 5457(b)–(d), 5458(b)–(d), and 8219 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–337, §1662(a)(3).
Amendments
2006—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 109–163 substituted "Navy Reserve" for "Naval Reserve" in introductory provisions.
Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 109–163 substituted "Navy Reserve" for "Naval Reserve".
2004—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 108–375 amended table generally, increasing percentages of authorized number of officers in grades other than colonel.
2000—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 106–398 added par. (3).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective Dec. 1, 1994, except as otherwise provided, see section 1691 of Pub. L. 103–337, set out as a note under section 10001 of this title.
§12006. Strength limitations: authority to waive in time of war or national emergency
(a) In time of war, or of national emergency declared by Congress or the President, the President may suspend the operation of any provision of section 12003, 12004, or 12005 of this title. So long as any such war or national emergency continues, any such suspension may be extended by the President.
(b) Any suspension under subsection (a) shall, if not sooner ended, end on the last day of the two-year period beginning on the date on which the suspension (or the last extension thereof) takes effect or on the last day of the one-year period beginning on the date of the termination of the war or national emergency, whichever occurs first. With respect to the end of any such suspension, the preceding sentence supersedes the provisions of title II of the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1621, 1622) which provide that powers or authorities exercised by reason of a national emergency shall cease to be exercised after the date of termination of the emergency.
(Added Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, §1662(a)(1), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2986.)
Editorial Notes
References in Text
The National Emergencies Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is Pub. L. 94–412, Sept. 14, 1976, 90 Stat. 1255, as amended. Title II of the Act is classified generally to subchapter II (§1621 et seq.) of chapter 34 of Title 50, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1601 of Title 50 and Tables.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective Dec. 1, 1994, except as otherwise provided, see section 1691 of Pub. L. 103–337, set out as a note under section 10001 of this title.
Executive Documents
Delegation of Authority
Authority of President under this section as invoked by sections 2 and 3 of Ex. Ord. No. 13223, Sept. 14, 2001, 66 F.R. 48201, as amended, delegated to Secretary of Defense by section 4 of Ex. Ord. No. 13223, set out as a note under section 12302 of this title.
§12007. Reserve officers of the Army: distribution
The Secretary of the Army shall distribute the number of reserve commissioned officers, other than commissioned warrant officers, authorized in each commissioned grade between those assigned to reserve units organized to serve as units and those not assigned to such units. The Secretary shall distribute the number who are assigned to reserve units organized to serve as units among the units of each reserve component by prescribing appropriate tables of organization and tables of distribution. The Secretary shall distribute the number who are not assigned to such units between—
(1) each special branch; and
(2) all other branches taken together.
(Added Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, §1662(a)(1), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2986.)
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in section 3220 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–337, §1662(a)(3).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective Dec. 1, 1994, except as otherwise provided, see section 1691 of Pub. L. 103–337, set out as a note under section 10001 of this title.
§12008. Army Reserve and Air Force Reserve: warrant officers
The Secretary of the Army may prescribe the authorized strength of the Army Reserve in warrant officers. The Secretary of the Air Force may prescribe the authorized strength of the Air Force Reserve in warrant officers.
(Added Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, §1662(a)(1), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2987.)
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in sections 3223 and 8223 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–337, §1662(a)(3).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective Dec. 1, 1994, except as otherwise provided, see section 1691 of Pub. L. 103–337, set out as a note under section 10001 of this title.
§12009. Army and Air Force reserve components: temporary increases
(a) The authorized strength in any reserve grade, as prescribed under this chapter, for any reserve component under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of the Army or the Secretary of the Air Force is automatically increased to the minimum extent necessary to give effect to each appointment made in that grade under section 1211(a), 7036, 14304(b), 14314, or 14317 of this title.
(b) An authorized strength so increased is increased for no other purpose. While an officer holds that grade, the officer whose appointment caused the increase is counted for the purpose of determining when other appointments, not under those sections, may be made in that grade.
(Added Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, §1662(a)(1), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2987; amended Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title VIII, §809(a), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1840.)
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in sections 3212 and 8212 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–337, §1662(a)(3).
Amendments
2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–232 substituted "section 1211(a), 7036," for "section 1211(a), 3036,".
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 2018 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 115–232 effective Feb. 1, 2019, with provision for the coordination of amendments and special rule for certain redesignations, see section 800 of Pub. L. 115–232, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.
Effective Date
Section effective Dec. 1, 1994, except as otherwise provided, see section 1691 of Pub. L. 103–337, set out as a note under section 10001 of this title.
§12010. Computations for Navy Reserve and Marine Corps Reserve: rule when fraction occurs in final result
When there is a fraction in the final result of any computation under this chapter for the Navy Reserve or the Marine Corps Reserve, a fraction of one-half or more is counted as one, and a fraction of less than one-half is disregarded.
(Added Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, §1662(a)(1), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2987; amended Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title V, §515(b)(1)(GG), (3)(I), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3233, 3234.)
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in section 5454 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–337, §1662(a)(3).
Amendments
2006—Pub. L. 109–163, §515(b)(3)(I), substituted "Navy Reserve" for "Naval Reserve" in section catchline.
Pub. L. 109–163, §515(b)(1)(GG), substituted "Navy Reserve" for "Naval Reserve" in text.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective Dec. 1, 1994, except as otherwise provided, see section 1691 of Pub. L. 103–337, set out as a note under section 10001 of this title.
§12011. Authorized strengths: reserve officers on active duty or on full-time National Guard duty for administration of the reserves or the National Guard
(a) Limitations.—(1) Of the total number of members of a reserve component who are serving on full-time reserve component duty at the end of any fiscal year, the number of those members who may be serving in each of the grades of major, lieutenant colonel, and colonel may not, as of the end of that fiscal year, exceed the number determined in accordance with the following table:
| Total number of members of a reserve component serving on full-time reserve component duty: | Number of officers of that reserve component who may be serving in the grade of: |
|---|
| Major | Lieutenant Colonel | Colonel |
|---|
| Army Reserve: |
|
|
|
| 10,000 |
1,390 |
740 |
230 |
| 11,000 |
1,529 |
803 |
242 |
| 12,000 |
1,668 |
864 |
252 |
| 13,000 |
1,804 |
924 |
262 |
| 14,000 |
1,940 |
984 |
272 |
| 15,000 |
2,075 |
1,044 |
282 |
| 16,000 |
2,210 |
1,104 |
291 |
| 17,000 |
2,345 |
1,164 |
300 |
| 18,000 |
2,479 |
1,223 |
309 |
| 19,000 |
2,613 |
1,282 |
318 |
| 20,000 |
2,747 |
1,341 |
327 |
| 21,000 |
2,877 |
1,400 |
336 |
| |
|
|
|
| Army National Guard: |
|
|
|
| 20,000 |
1,500 |
850 |
325 |
| 22,000 |
1,650 |
930 |
350 |
| 24,000 |
1,790 |
1,010 |
378 |
| 26,000 |
1,930 |
1,085 |
395 |
| 28,000 |
2,070 |
1,168 |
420 |
| 30,000 |
2,200 |
1,245 |
445 |
| 32,000 |
2,330 |
1,315 |
460 |
| 34,000 |
2,450 |
1,385 |
470 |
| 36,000 |
2,570 |
1,455 |
480 |
| 38,000 |
2,670 |
1,527 |
490 |
| 40,000 |
2,770 |
1,590 |
500 |
| 42,000 |
2,837 |
1,655 |
505 |
| |
|
|
|
| Marine Corps Reserve: |
|
|
|
| 1,000 |
99 |
63 |
20 |
| 1,200 |
103 |
67 |
21 |
| 1,300 |
107 |
70 |
22 |
| 1,400 |
111 |
73 |
23 |
| 1,500 |
114 |
76 |
24 |
| 1,600 |
117 |
79 |
25 |
| 1,700 |
120 |
82 |
26 |
| 1,800 |
123 |
85 |
27 |
| 1,900 |
126 |
88 |
28 |
| 2,000 |
129 |
91 |
29 |
| 2,100 |
132 |
94 |
30 |
| 2,200 |
134 |
97 |
31 |
| 2,300 |
136 |
100 |
32 |
| 2,400 |
143 |
105 |
34 |
| 2,500 |
149 |
109 |
35 |
| 2,600 |
155 |
113 |
36 |
| 2,700 |
161 |
118 |
37 |
| 2,800 |
167 |
122 |
39 |
| 2,900 |
173 |
126 |
41 |
| 3,000 |
179 |
130 |
42 |
| |
|
|
|
| Air Force Reserve |
|
|
|
| 1,000 |
166 |
170 |
100 |
| 1,500 |
245 |
251 |
143 |
| 2,000 |
322 |
330 |
182 |
| 2,500 |
396 |
406 |
216 |
| 3,000 |
467 |
479 |
246 |
| 3,500 |
536 |
550 |
271 |
| 4,000 |
602 |
618 |
292 |
| 4,500 |
665 |
683 |
308 |
| 5,000 |
726 |
746 |
320 |
| 5,500 |
784 |
806 |
325 |
| 6,000 |
840 |
864 |
327 |
| 7,000 |
962 |
990 |
347 |
| 8,000 |
1,087 |
1,110 |
356 |
| 10,000 |
1,322 |
1,362 |
395 |
| |
|
|
|
| Air National Guard: |
|
|
|
| 10,000 |
763 |
745 |
333 |
| 12,000 |
915 |
923 |
377 |
| 14,000 |
1,065 |
1,057 |
402 |
| 16,000 |
1,211 |
1,185 |
426 |
| 18,000 |
1,347 |
1,313 |
450 |
| 20,000 |
1,463 |
1,440 |
468 |
| 22,000 |
1,606 |
1,569 |
494 |
| 24,000 |
1,739 |
1,697 |
517 |
| 26,000 |
1,872 |
1,825 |
539 |
| 28,000 |
2,005 |
1,954 |
562 |
| 30,000 |
2,138 |
2,082 |
585 |
| 32,000 |
2,271 |
2,210 |
608 |
| 34,000 |
2,404 |
2,338 |
630 |
| 36,000 |
2,537 |
2,466 |
653 |
| 38,000 |
2,670 |
2,595 |
676 |
| 40,000 |
2,803 |
2,723 |
698 |
(2) Of the total number of members of the Navy Reserve who are serving on full-time reserve component duty at the end of any fiscal year, the number of those members who may be serving in each of the grades of lieutenant commander, commander, and captain may not, as of the end of that fiscal year, exceed the number determined in accordance with the following table:
| Total number of members of Navy Reserve serving on full-time reserve component duty: | Number of officers who may be serving in the grade of: |
|---|
| Lieutenant commander | Commander | Captain |
|---|
| 10,000 |
807 |
447 |
141 |
| 11,000 |
867 |
467 |
153 |
| 12,000 |
924 |
485 |
163 |
| 13,000 |
980 |
503 |
173 |
| 14,000 |
1,035 |
521 |
183 |
| 15,000 |
1,088 |
538 |
193 |
| 16,000 |
1,142 |
555 |
203 |
| 17,000 |
1,195 |
565 |
213 |
| 18,000 |
1,246 |
575 |
223 |
| 19,000 |
1,291 |
585 |
233 |
| 20,000 |
1,334 |
595 |
242 |
| 21,000 |
1,364 |
603 |
250 |
| 22,000 |
1,384 |
610 |
258 |
| 23,000 |
1,400 |
615 |
265 |
| 24,000 |
1,410 |
620 |
270. |
(b) Determinations by Interpolation.—If the total number of members of a reserve component serving on full-time reserve component duty is between any two consecutive numbers in the first column of the appropriate table in paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (a), the corresponding authorized strengths for each of the grades shown in that table for that component are determined by mathematical interpolation between the respective numbers of the two strengths. If the total number of members of a reserve component serving on full-time reserve component duty is more or less than the highest or lowest number, respectively, set forth in the first column of the appropriate table in paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (a), the Secretary concerned shall fix the corresponding strengths for the grades shown in that table at the same proportion as is reflected in the nearest limit shown in the table.
(c) Reallocations to Lower Grades.—Whenever the number of officers serving in any grade for duty described in subsection (a) is less than the number authorized for that grade under this section, the difference between the two numbers may be applied to increase the number authorized under this section for any lower grade.
(d) Secretarial Waiver.—(1) Upon determining that it is in the national interest to do so, the Secretary of Defense may increase for a particular fiscal year the number of reserve officers that may be on full-time reserve component duty for a reserve component in a grade referred to in a table in subsection (a) by a number that does not exceed the number equal to 5 percent of the maximum number specified for the grade in that table.
(2) Whenever the Secretary exercises the authority provided in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate and the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives notice in writing of the adjustment made.
(e) Full-Time Reserve Component Duty Defined.—In this section, the term "full-time reserve component duty" means the following duty:
(1) Active duty described in sections 10211, 10302, 10303, 10304, 10305, 12310, or 12402 of this title.
(2) Full-time National Guard duty (other than for training) under section 502(f) of title 32, except for duty under section 115(b)(1)(B) and (C) of this title and section 115(i)(9) of this title.
(3) Active duty described in section 708 of title 32.
(Added Pub. L. 96–513, title I, §103, Dec. 12, 1980, 94 Stat. 2844, §524; amended Pub. L. 97–86, title V, §503(b), Dec. 1, 1981, 95 Stat. 1108; Pub. L. 97–252, title V, §503(b), Sept. 8, 1982, 96 Stat. 727; Pub. L. 98–94, title V, §503(b), Sept. 24, 1983, 97 Stat. 631; Pub. L. 98–525, title IV, §§413(b), 414(a)(4)(A), (B)(i), Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2518, 2519; Pub. L. 99–145, title IV, §413(b), Nov. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 619; Pub. L. 100–180, div. A, title IV, §413(b), Dec. 4, 1987, 101 Stat. 1083; Pub. L. 101–189, div. A, title IV, §413(b), Nov. 29, 1989, 103 Stat. 1433; Pub. L. 102–190, div. A, title IV, §413(b), Dec. 5, 1991, 105 Stat. 1352; Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title IV, §413(b), Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1642; renumbered §12011 and amended Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, §1662(a)(2), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2988; Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title IV, §414(a), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 288; Pub. L. 105–261, div. A, title IV, §414(a), Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 1998; Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title IV, §414(a), Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 586; Pub. L. 106–398, §1 [[div. A], title IV, §§415(a), 421(b), 424(a)], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A-94 to 1654A-96; Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title IV, §415(a), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1070; Pub. L. 108–375, div. A, title IV, §416(h), Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 1869; Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title V, §515(b)(1)(HH), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3233; Pub. L. 110–417, [div. A], title V, §512(a), (b), Oct. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 4439, 4440; Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title V, §515(a), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1752; Pub. L. 116–92, div. A, title IV, §§415(a), 416(a), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1337, 1338.)
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2019—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 116–92 inserted sections of table relating to the Marine Corps Reserve and Air Force Reserve and struck out corresponding former sections.
2018—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 115–232 inserted section of table relating to the Air National Guard and struck out corresponding former section.
2008—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 110–417 inserted sections of table relating to the Army National Guard, Marine Corps Reserve, and Air National Guard, and struck out corresponding former sections.
2006—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 109–163 substituted "Navy Reserve" for "Naval Reserve" in introductory provisions and table.
2004—Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 108–375 amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as follows: "Full-time National Guard duty (other than for training) under section 502(f) of title 32."
2001—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–107 inserted heading and amended text of subsec. (a) generally. Prior to amendment, text consisted of table setting out maximum number of reserve officers of the Army, Air Force, and Marine Corps who may be on active duty or full-time National Guard duty in each of the grades of major, lieutenant colonel, and colonel, and of the Navy who may be on active duty in each of the grades of lieutenant commander, commander, and captain.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 107–107 inserted heading and amended text of subsec. (b) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "Whenever the number of officers serving in any grade is less than the number authorized for that grade under this section, the difference between the two numbers may be applied to increase the number authorized under this section for any lower grade."
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 107–107 inserted heading and amended text of subsec. (c) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "Whenever under section 527 of this title the President may suspend the operation of any provision of section 523, 525, or 526 of this title, the Secretary of Defense may suspend the operation of any provision of this section. Any such suspension shall, if not sooner ended, end in the manner specified in section 527 for a suspension under that section."
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 107–107 inserted heading and amended text of subsec. (d) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "Upon increasing under subsection (c)(2) of section 115 of this title the end strength that is authorized under subsection (a)(1)(B) of that section for a fiscal year for active-duty personnel and full-time National Guard duty personnel of an armed force who are to be paid from funds appropriated for reserve personnel, the Secretary of Defense may increase for that fiscal year the limitation that is set forth in subsection (a) of this section for the number of officers of that armed force serving in any grade if the Secretary determines that such action is in the national interest. The percent of the increase may not exceed the percent by which the Secretary increases that end strength."
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 107–107 added subsec. (e).
2000—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 106–398, §1 [[div. A], title IV, §415(a)], amended table generally, increasing the fiscal year limitation on number of reserve officers in the Army in grade of Major or Lieutenant Commander from 3,227 to 3,316, in grade of Lieutenant Colonel or Commander from 1,611 to 1,759, and in grade of Colonel or Navy Captain from 471 to 529, and in the Air Force in grade of Major or Lieutenant Commander from 860 to 948, in grade of Lieutenant Colonel or Commander from 777 to 852, and in grade of Colonel or Navy Captain from 297 to 317.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 106–398, §1 [[div. A], title IV, §421(b)], added subsec. (c).
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 106–398, §1 [[div. A], title IV, §424(a)], added subsec. (d).
1999—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 106–65 amended table generally, increasing the fiscal year limitation on number of reserve officers in the Army in grade of Major or Lieutenant Commander from 3,219 to 3,227, in grade of Lieutenant Colonel or Commander from 1,524 to 1,611, and in grade of Colonel or Navy Captain from 438 to 471, and in the Air Force in grade of Major or Lieutenant Commander from 791 to 860 and in grade of Lieutenant Colonel or Commander from 713 to 777.
1998—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105–261, in table, increased fiscal year limitation on number of reserve officers in the Army in grade of Colonel or Navy Captain from 412 to 438 and in the Air Force in grade of Major or Lieutenant Commander from 643 to 791, in grade of Lieutenant Colonel or Commander from 672 to 713, and in grade of Colonel or Navy Captain from 274 to 297.
1996—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–106, in table, increased fiscal year limitation on number of reserve officers in the Army in grade of Colonel or Navy Captain from 372 to 412, in the Air Force in grade of Major or Lieutenant Commander from 575 to 643 and in grade of Lieutenant Colonel or Commander from 636 to 672, and in the Marine Corps in grade of Major or Lieutenant Commander from 110 to 140, in grade of Lieutenant Colonel or Commander from 75 to 90, and in grade of Colonel or Navy Captain from 25 to 30. All other figures remained unchanged.
1994—Pub. L. 103–337 renumbered section 524 of this title as this section and amended section catchline generally striking out at end "in grades of major, lieutenant colonel, and colonel and Navy grades of lieutenant commander, commander, and captain".
1993—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–160, in table, increased fiscal year limitation on number of reserve officers in the Air Force in grade of Lieutenant Colonel or Commander from 595 to 636 and in grade of Colonel or Navy Captain from 227 to 274. Army, Navy, and Marine Corps figures remained unchanged.
1991—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 102–190, in table, increased fiscal year limitation on number of reserve officers in the Army in grade of Colonel or Navy Captain from 364 to 372, and increased such limitation on number of reserve officers in the Air Force in grade of Lieutenant Colonel or Commander from 532 to 595 and in grade of Colonel or Navy Captain from 194 to 227. Navy and Marine Corps figures remained unchanged.
1989—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–189, §413(b)(2), in table, increased fiscal year limitation on number of reserve officers in grade of Major or Lieutenant Commander, Lieutenant Colonel or Commander, and Colonel or Navy Captain who may be on active duty to, respectively: Army, to 3,219, 1,524, and 364 from 3,030, 1,448, and 351; Navy, to 1,071, 520, and 188 from 1,065, 520, and 188; Air Force, to 575, 532, and 194 from 575, 476, and 190. Marine Corps figures remained unchanged.
Pub. L. 101–189, §413(b)(1), in table, increased fiscal year limitation on number of reserve officers in grade of Major or Lieutenant Commander, Lieutenant Colonel or Commander, and Colonel or Navy Captain who may be on active duty to, respectively: Army, to 3,030, 1,448, and 351 from 2,600, 1,250, and 348; Navy, to 1,065, 520, and 188 from 875, 520, and 185; Air Force, to 575, 476, and 190 from 575, 322, and 190. Marine Corps figures remained unchanged.
1987—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100–180, §413(b)(2), in table, increased fiscal year limitation on number of reserve officers in grade of Major or Lieutenant Commander, Lieutenant Colonel or Commander, and Colonel or Navy Captain who may be on active duty to, respectively: Army, to 2,600, 1,250, and 348 from 2,550, 1,152, and 348; Navy, to 875, 520, and 185 from 850, 520, and 185; Air Force, to 575, 322, and 190 from 575, 322, and 184; and Marine Corps, to 110, 75, and 25 from 105, 70, and 25.
Pub. L. 100–180, §413(b)(1), in table, changed fiscal year limitation on number of reserve officers in grade of Major or Lieutenant Commander, Lieutenant Colonel or Commander, and Colonel or Navy Captain who may be on active duty to, respectively: Army, to 2,550, 1,152, and 348 from 2,317, 1,152, and 348; Navy, to 850, 520, and 185 from 850, 520, and 177; Air Force, to 575, 322, and 184 from 476, 318, and 189; and Marine Corps, to 105, 70, and 25 from 100, 60, and 25.
1985—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–145 increased fiscal year limitation on number of reserve officers in grade of Major or Lieutenant Commander, Lieutenant Colonel or Commander, and Colonel or Navy Captain who may be on active duty to, respectively: Army, to 2,317, 1,152, and 348 from 2,261, 1,121, and 345; Navy, to 850, 520, and 177 from 823, 520, and 177; Air Force, to 476, 318, and 189, from 471, 293, and 172; and Marine Corps, to 100, 60, and 25 from 100, 50, and 25.
1984—Pub. L. 98–525, §414(a)(4)(B)(i), inserted references to National Guard and to full-time National Guard duty in section catchline.
Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98–525, §414(a)(4)(A), inserted "or full-time National Guard duty" after "Marine Corps who may be on active duty" and inserted "or full-time National Guard duty (other than for training) under section 502(f) of title 32".
Pub. L. 98–525, §413(b), increased fiscal year limitation on number of reserve officers in grade of major or lieutenant commander, lieutenant colonel or commander, and colonel or Navy captain who may be on active duty to, respectively: Army, to 2,261, 1,121, and 345 from 1,948, 967, and 338; Air Force, to 471, 293, and 172 from 408, 303, and 171; Marine Corps, to 100, 50, and 25 from 95, 48, and 23. Figures for the Navy remained unchanged.
1983—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98–94 increased fiscal year limitation on number of reserve officers in grade major or lieutenant commander; lieutenant colonel or commander; and colonel or Navy captain who may be on active duty to, respectively: Army, to 1,948, 967, and 338 from 1,351, 671, and 234; Navy, to 823, 520, and 177 from 823, 425, and 177; Air Force, to 408, 303, and 171 from 281, 267, and 170; Marine Corps, to 95, 48, and 23 from 95, 40, and 21.
1982—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 97–252 increased numbers in columns headed "Army", "Air Force", and "Marine Corps" from 1,105, 189, and 51 in line for major or lieutenant commander to 1,351, 281, and 95, respectively, from 551, 194, and 35 in line for lieutenant colonel or commander to 671, 267, and 40, respectively, and from 171, 147, and 19 in line for colonel or Navy captain to 234, 170, and 21, respectively.
1981—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 97–86 increased numbers in columns headed "Army" and "Air Force" from 821 and 170 in line for major or lieutenant commander to 1,105 and 189, respectively, from 503 and 183 in line for lieutenant colonel or commander to 551 and 194, respectively, and from 163 and 146 in line for colonel or Navy captain to 171 and 147, respectively.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 2019 Amendment
Pub. L. 116–92, div. A, title IV, §416(b), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1338, provided that: "The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect on October 1, 2019, and shall apply with respect to fiscal years beginning on or after that date."
Effective Date of 2000 Amendment
Pub. L. 106–398, §1 [[div. A], title IV, §415(c)], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A-94, provided that: "The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 12012 of this title] shall take effect on October 1, 2000."
Effective Date of 1998 Amendment
Pub. L. 105–261, div. A, title IV, §414(c), Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 1998, provided that: "The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 12012 of this title] shall take efffect [sic] on October 1, 1998."
Effective Date of 1994 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 103–337 effective Dec. 1, 1994, except as otherwise provided, see section 1691 of Pub. L. 103–337, set out as an Effective Date note under section 10001 of this title.
Effective Date of 1989 Amendment
Pub. L. 101–189, div. A, title IV, §413(b)(2), Nov. 29, 1989, 103 Stat. 1433, provided that the amendment made by that section is effective Oct. 1, 1990.
Effective Date of 1987 Amendment
Pub. L. 100–180, div. A, title IV, §413(b)(2), Dec. 4, 1987, 101 Stat. 1083, provided that the amendment made by that section is effective Oct. 1, 1988.
Effective Date of 1985 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 99–145 effective Oct. 1, 1985, see section 413(c) of Pub. L. 99–145, set out as a note under section 517 of this title.
Effective Date of 1984 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 98–525 effective Oct. 1, 1984, see section 413(c) of Pub. L. 98–525, set out as a note under section 517 of this title.
Effective Date of 1983 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 98–94 effective Oct. 1, 1983, see section 503(c) of Pub. L. 98–94, set out as a note under section 517 of this title.
§12012. Authorized strengths: senior enlisted members on active duty or on full-time National Guard duty for administration of the reserves or the National Guard
(a) Limitations.—Of the total number of members of a reserve component who are serving on full-time reserve component duty at the end of any fiscal year, the number of those members in each of pay grades of E–8 and E–9 who may be serving on active duty under section 10211 or 12310, or on full-time National Guard duty under the authority of section 502(f) of title 32 (other than for training) in connection with organizing, administering, recruiting, instructing, or training the reserve components or the National Guard may not, as of the end of that fiscal year, exceed the number determined in accordance with the following table:
| Total number of members of a reserve component serving on full-time reserve component duty: | Number of members of that reserve component who may be serving in the grade of: |
|---|
| E–8 | E–9 |
|---|
| Army Reserve: |
|
|
| 10,000 |
1,052 |
154 |
| 11,000 |
1,126 |
168 |
| 12,000 |
1,195 |
180 |
| 13,000 |
1,261 |
191 |
| 14,000 |
1,327 |
202 |
| 15,000 |
1,391 |
213 |
| 16,000 |
1,455 |
224 |
| 17,000 |
1,519 |
235 |
| 18,000 |
1,583 |
246 |
| 19,000 |
1,647 |
257 |
| 20,000 |
1,711 |
268 |
| 21,000 |
1,775 |
278 |
| |
|
|
| Army National Guard: |
|
|
| 20,000 |
1,650 |
550 |
| 22,000 |
1,775 |
615 |
| 24,000 |
1,950 |
645 |
| 26,000 |
2,100 |
675 |
| 28,000 |
2,250 |
715 |
| 30,000 |
2,400 |
735 |
| 32,000 |
2,500 |
760 |
| 34,000 |
2,600 |
780 |
| 36,000 |
2,700 |
800 |
| 38,000 |
2,800 |
820 |
| 40,000 |
2,900 |
830 |
| 42,000 |
3,000 |
840 |
| |
|
|
| Navy Reserve: |
|
|
| 10,000 |
340 |
143 |
| 11,000 |
364 |
156 |
| 12,000 |
386 |
169 |
| 13,000 |
407 |
182 |
| 14,000 |
423 |
195 |
| 15,000 |
435 |
208 |
| 16,000 |
447 |
221 |
| 17,000 |
459 |
234 |
| 18,000 |
471 |
247 |
| 19,000 |
483 |
260 |
| 20,000 |
495 |
273 |
| 21,000 |
507 |
286 |
| 22,000 |
519 |
299 |
| 23,000 |
531 |
312 |
| 24,000 |
540 |
325 |
| |
|
|
| Marine Corps Reserve: |
|
|
| 1,100 |
50 |
11 |
| 1,200 |
55 |
12 |
| 1,300 |
60 |
13 |
| 1,400 |
65 |
14 |
| 1,500 |
70 |
15 |
| 1,600 |
75 |
16 |
| 1,700 |
80 |
17 |
| 1,800 |
85 |
18 |
| 1,900 |
89 |
19 |
| 2,000 |
93 |
20 |
| 2,100 |
96 |
21 |
| 2,200 |
99 |
22 |
| 2,300 |
101 |
23 |
| 2,400 |
106 |
24 |
| 2,500 |
112 |
25 |
| 2,600 |
116 |
26 |
| 2,700 |
121 |
27 |
| 2,800 |
125 |
28 |
| 2,900 |
130 |
29 |
| 3,000 |
134 |
30 |
| |
|
|
| Air Force Reserve: |
|
|
| 500 |
75 |
40 |
| 1,000 |
145 |
75 |
| 1,500 |
208 |
105 |
| 2,000 |
270 |
130 |
| 2,500 |
325 |
150 |
| 3,000 |
375 |
170 |
| 3,500 |
420 |
190 |
| 4,000 |
460 |
210 |
| 4,500 |
495 |
230 |
| 5,000 |
530 |
250 |
| 5,500 |
565 |
270 |
| 6,000 |
600 |
290 |
| 7,000 |
670 |
330 |
| 8,000 |
740 |
370 |
| 10,000 |
800 |
400 |
| |
|
|
| Air National Guard: |
|
|
| 10,000 |
1,350 |
550 |
| 12,000 |
1,466 |
594 |
| 14,000 |
1,582 |
636 |
| 16,000 |
1,698 |
676 |
| 18,000 |
1,814 |
714 |
| 20,000 |
1,930 |
752 |
| 22,000 |
2,046 |
790 |
| 24,000 |
2,162 |
828 |
| 26,000 |
2,278 |
866 |
| 28,000 |
2,394 |
904 |
| 30,000 |
2,510 |
942 |
| 32,000 |
2,626 |
980 |
| 34,000 |
2,742 |
1,018 |
| 36,000 |
2,858 |
1,056 |
| 38,000 |
2,974 |
1,094 |
| 40,000 |
3,090 |
1,132 . |
(b) Determinations by Interpolation.—If the total number of members of a reserve component serving on full-time reserve component duty is between any two consecutive numbers in the first column of the table in subsection (a), the corresponding authorized strengths for each of the grades shown in that table for that component are determined by mathematical interpolation between the respective numbers of the two strengths. If the total number of members of a reserve component serving on full-time reserve component duty is more or less than the highest or lowest number, respectively, set forth in the first column of the table in subsection (a), the Secretary concerned shall fix the corresponding strengths for the grades shown in the table at the same proportion as is reflected in the nearest limit shown in the table.
(c) Reallocations to Lower Grade.—Whenever the number of members serving in pay grade E–9 for duty described in subsection (a) is less than the number authorized for that grade under this section, the difference between the two numbers may be applied to increase the number authorized under this section for pay grade E–8.
(d) Secretarial Waiver.—(1) Upon determining that it is in the national interest to do so, the Secretary of Defense may increase for a particular fiscal year the number of reserve enlisted members that may be on active duty or full-time National Guard duty as described in subsection (a) for a reserve component in a pay grade referred to in a table in subsection (a) by a number that does not exceed the number equal to 5 percent of the maximum number specified for that grade and reserve component in the table.
(2) Whenever the Secretary exercises the authority provided in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate and the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives notice in writing of the adjustment made.
(e) Full-Time Reserve Component Duty Defined.—In this section, the term "full-time reserve component duty" has the meaning given the term in section 12011(e) of this title.
(Added Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, §1662(a)(1), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2987; amended Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title IV, §414(b), title XV, §1501(b)(10), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 288, 496; Pub. L. 105–261, div. A, title IV, §414(b), Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 1998; Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title IV, §414(b), Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 586; Pub. L. 106–398, §1 [[div. A], title IV, §§415(b), 421(c), 424(b)], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A-94 to 1654A-96; Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title IV, §415(b), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1073; Pub. L. 108–375, div. A, title X, §1084(d)(34), Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 2063; Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title V, §515(b)(1)(II), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3233; Pub. L. 110–417, [div. A], title V, §512(c), Oct. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 4440; Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title V, §515(b), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1753; Pub. L. 116–92, div. A, title IV, §415(c), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1337.)
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in section 517(b), (c) of this title, prior to amendment by Pub. L. 103–337, §1662(a)(4).
Amendments
2019—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 116–92 inserted section of table relating to the Marine Corps Reserve and struck out corresponding former section.
2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–232 inserted section of table relating to the Air National Guard and struck out corresponding former section.
2008—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–417 inserted section of table relating to the Army National Guard and struck out corresponding former section.
2006—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–163 substituted "Navy Reserve" for "Naval Reserve" in table.
2004—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 108–375 inserted colon after "Air National Guard" in table.
2001—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–107 inserted heading and amended text of subsec. (a) generally. Prior to amendment, text consisted of table setting out maximum number of enlisted members in pay grades E–8 and E–9 who may be on active duty (other than for training) or on full-time National Guard duty (other than for training) as of the end of any fiscal year in connection with organizing, administering, recruiting, instructing, or training the reserve components or the National Guard.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 107–107 inserted heading and amended text of subsec. (b) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "Whenever the number of members serving in pay grade E–9 for duty described in subsection (a) is less than the number authorized for that grade under subsection (a), the difference between the two numbers may be applied to increase the number authorized under such subsection for pay grade E–8."
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 107–107 inserted heading and amended text of subsec. (c) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "Whenever under section 527 of this title the President may suspend the operation of any provision of section 523, 525, or 526 of this title, the Secretary of Defense may suspend the operation of any provision of this section. Any such suspension shall, if not sooner ended, end in the manner specified in section 527 for a suspension under that section."
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 107–107 inserted heading and amended text of subsec. (d) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "Upon increasing under subsection (c)(2) of section 115 of this title the end strength that is authorized under subsection (a)(1)(B) of that section for a fiscal year for active-duty personnel and full-time National Guard duty personnel of an armed force who are to be paid from funds appropriated for reserve personnel, the Secretary of Defense may increase for that fiscal year the limitation that is set forth in subsection (a) of this section for the number of enlisted members of that armed force serving in any grade if the Secretary determines that such action is in the national interest. The percent of the increase may not exceed the percent by which the Secretary increases that end strength."
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 107–107 added subsec. (e).
2000—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 106–398, §1 [[div. A], title IV, §415(b)], amended table generally, increasing the fiscal year limitation on number of enlisted members in the Army in grade of E–9 from 645 to 764 and in grade of E–8 from 2,593 to 2,821, and in the Air Force in grade of E–9 from 405 to 502 and in grade of E–8 from 1,041 to 1,117.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 106–398, §1 [[div. A], title IV, §421(c)], added subsec. (c).
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 106–398, §1 [[div. A], title IV, §424(b)], added subsec. (d).
1999—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 106–65 amended table generally, increasing the fiscal year limitation on number of enlisted members in the Army in grade of E–9 from 623 to 645 and in grade of E–8 from 2,585 to 2,593, and in the Air Force in grade of E–9 from 395 to 405 and in grade of E–8 from 997 to 1,041.
1998—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105–261, in table, in grade E–9 increased figure for Army from 603 to 623 and for Air Force from 366 to 395, and in grade E–8 increased figure for Air Force from 890 to 997.
1996—Pub. L. 104–106, §1501(b)(10), substituted "the National" for "National" in section catchline.
Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–106, §414(b), in table, in grade E–9, increased figure for Army from 569 to 603, for Air Force from 328 to 366, and for Marine Corps from 14 to 20, and in grade E–8, increased figure for Air Force from 840 to 890 and for Marine Corps from 74 to 94. All other figures remained unchanged.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 2000 Amendment
Amendment by section 1 [[div. A], title IV, §415(b)] of Pub. L. 106–398 effective Oct. 1, 2000, see section 1 [[div. A], title IV, §415(c)] of Pub. L. 106–398, set out as a note under section 12011 of this title.
Effective Date of 1998 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 105–261 effective Oct. 1, 1998, see section 414(c) of Pub. L. 105–261, set out as a note under section 12011 of this title.
Effective Date of 1996 Amendment
Amendment by section 1501(b)(10) of Pub. L. 104–106 effective as if included in the Reserve Officer Personnel Management Act, title XVI of Pub. L. 103–337, as enacted on Oct. 5, 1994, see section 1501(f)(3) of Pub. L. 104–106, set out as a note under section 113 of this title.
Effective Date
Section effective Dec. 1, 1994, except as otherwise provided, see section 1691 of Pub. L. 103–337, set out as a note under section 10001 of this title.